In this study, a vehicle networking system based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is used to track and monitor vehicles in real time by using RFID tags installed on vehicles. By collecting and analysing the data transmitted by RFID tags, we study how to use the rich information provided by Telematics to achieve accurate monitoring and analysis of traffic flow. Through in-depth study of the application of Telematics in intelligent transport, it is expected to provide new solutions to improve the urban traffic management rate, enhance traffic fluency and reduce traffic accidents.

RFID system is a kind of automatic diagnosis technology which transmits data by using radio frequency. The electronic label in the system carries the unique recognition information, and through the radio wave and the read-write communication, including the application system software, the RFID middleware, the read-write and the electronic label (built-in antenna).

The electronic tag is one of the core components of the RFID system, consisting of a chip and an antenna. The chip stores the tag's unique identifier and other possible data inside. The antenna is used to receive and transmit radio signals. The reader is the device in the RFID system that communicates with the tag. The reader sends commands to the tag via radio waves and receives responses from the tag. It can be connected to a computer or other device that transmits the tag data to the application software via RFID middleware. RFID middleware is the software layer between the reader and the application software that manages and processes the data flow in the RFID system and provides the interface to the application software. The middleware can handle the communication between multiple readers and tags, and provide functions such as data filtering, event triggering and data conversion. Application software is the top layer of an RFID system, interacting with RFID middleware and using RFID data to implement

specific applications.

In this system, each vehicle carries an RFID tag that contains unique vehicle identification information. The tag contains a chip and antenna for wireless communication with the reader. Multiple RFID readers are deployed at key locations in the system, such as curbs, intersections or car park entrances. The readers communicate with the vehicle tags via radio waves and read the identification information in the tags. The base station is an intermediate node that connects the RFID readers to the data processing centre. It is responsible for receiving data from the readers and forwarding it to the data processing centre. Base stations usually have high processing power and long communication range to support the communication needs of large-scale vehicle networks. The data processing centre is the core component of the system, responsible for receiving, storing and processing data from the base station.

(1) When the vehicle enters the coverage area of the RFID system, the RFID reader detects the vehicle tag and sends a request; (2) After receiving the request from the reader, the vehicle tag replies the response containing vehicle identification information through the built-in antenna; (3) After receiving the response from the vehicle tag, the RFID reader transmits the tag data to the nearby base station; (4) The base station collects the vehicle tag data transmitted by the multiple readers and forwards the data to the data processing centre; (5) After receiving the vehicle tag data, the data processing centre receives the tag data according to the tag's identification information, which is then transmitted to the base station for processing. vehicle tag data, it processes and analyses it according to the identification information of the tag, and at the same time, it can extract useful information, such as vehicle position, speed, driving trajectory, etc., using data processing technologies (e.g., data mining, machine learning); (6) the data processing centre generates real-time vehicle network status and traffic information based on the analysis results, and provides it to the relevant applications or traffic management systems. Through the vehicle networking architecture based on RFID technology, the basic data of vehicles in intelligent transport can be realised. Collection.

In summary, RFID-based Telematics architecture for traffic flow monitoring has some advantages and limitations. monitoring has certain advantages and limitations, and needs to be selected and deployed reasonably according to the specific situation in the practical application. In practical application, it needs to be selected and deployed reasonably according to the specific situation.